← Speed Works
Basketball Athlete Development

Coach's Instructions

Complete drill breakdowns, teaching cues, common errors, and progression notes for every exercise in the 6-week speed and plyometrics program.

Foundation

Core coaching principles

01
Landing before loading
An athlete cannot jump better than they land. Before adding reps, height, or intensity to any plyometric, the landing must be quiet, balanced, and controlled — knees over toes, hips back, no valgus collapse. If the landing is wrong, stop. Fix it.
02
Quality over quantity
Four sharp reps beat eight sloppy ones. Especially on sprints — fatigued sprints groove bad mechanics. Use full rest intervals on max-effort work (60–90 seconds). If form breaks, stop the set.
03
The deload is not optional
Week 4 should feel easy. That's the point. Athletic adaptation happens during recovery, not during the training session itself. Skipping the deload means skipping the adaptation. Protect it.
04
Athlete age awareness
8th graders have open growth plates. Any joint pain (not muscle soreness) stops the session. Prioritize form over load at all times. Sleep (9+ hours) is the single most powerful recovery tool at this age — reinforce it every week.
Every session

Dynamic warm-up drills

Jog
Warm-up
1 length (~20 yds)
Easy pace
Raises core temperature and gets blood flowing to the muscles. The entire warm-up starts here — don't rush it.
Tall posture, relaxed arms. This is not a sprint. No athlete should be breathing hard after this.
High knees
Warm-up
1 length
Moderate rhythm
Drive each knee up to hip height. Foot should be dorsiflexed (toe pulled up). Arms pump in opposition. Stay on the balls of the feet — don't flat-foot.
  • Knee not reaching hip height
  • Leaning back — stay tall
  • Flat-footed landing
Butt kicks
Warm-up
1 length
Quick turnover
Heel drives up to glute on each step. Slight forward lean. Quick, short steps — this is about hamstring activation and turnover, not covering ground.
  • Kicking out behind instead of up
  • Leaning too far forward
  • Slow lazy rhythm
Light skips
Warm-up
1 length
Relaxed rhythm
Low, easy skip — one foot, step, other foot. Arms relaxed. This is a transition drill between locomotion and the 3-step pattern drills. Keep it light and rhythmic.
Not power skips yet. Just find the skip rhythm and breathe.
3-step squat
Warm-up
1 length
3 steps → squat → repeat
Take 3 walking steps, then drop into a bodyweight squat — feet shoulder-width, hips back and down, chest tall. Hold 1 second. Stand. Repeat. Covers the whole length.
Quads, glutes, hip flexors. Wakes up the primary push muscles before any plyometric work. Also reinforces squat mechanics used in jump landings.
3-step kick
Warm-up
1 length
3 steps → straight-leg kick
3 steps, then swing one straight leg forward and up to hip height (or slightly above). Opposite arm reaches to meet the foot. Keep the standing leg tall — no forward lean.
  • Bending the kicking knee
  • Hunching forward to reach the foot
  • Kicking too hard — controlled range
3-step lunge and twist
Warm-up
1 length
3 steps → lunge hold
3 steps, then step into a forward lunge. Front knee directly over ankle (not past toes), back knee 1–2 inches off the ground. Torso tall. Hold 1 second. Drive through front heel to stand.
  • Front knee caving inward — keep it tracking over the ankle
  • Torso leaning forward
  • Back knee crashing to ground
3-step hip hug
Warm-up
1 length
3 steps → knee-to-chest
3 steps, then pull one knee up toward the chest using both hands. Balance on the standing leg for 1 full second — leg straight, hips level. Release and continue.
Glute activation, single-leg balance, hip mobility. Also builds the proprioceptive control needed for single-leg landing stability.
3-step hip flex & open
Warm-up
1 length
3 steps → pull knee → rotate out
3 steps. Pull one knee up to hip height, then externally rotate (open) the hip — imagine stepping over a low fence. Hold briefly, lower with control. Targets the hip external rotators essential for lateral cuts.
  • Leaning back as the hip opens
  • Only going partway — get full external rotation
  • Losing balance — slow it down
3-step SL RDL
Warm-up
1 length
3 steps → single-leg hinge
3 steps. Balance on one leg, hinge forward at the hip while the back leg extends behind — flat back, arms reaching toward the ground. Hip-hinge, not a spine bend. Return to standing by driving the hips forward.
  • Rounding the back — cue "proud chest"
  • Back foot touching down — keep it elevated
  • Knee of standing leg buckling
3-step quad stretch & reach
Warm-up
1 length
3 steps → heel → reach up
3 steps. Pull heel to glute, then reach the opposite arm straight overhead. Balance on the standing leg, tall posture. Combines quad stretch with overhead reach to open the hip flexor simultaneously.
Cueing the overhead reach improves balance AND deepens the hip flexor stretch — two cues in one. Make sure they're not just pulling the heel without the reach.
3-step hamstring scoop
Warm-up
1 length
3 steps → straight-leg forward → scoop
3 steps. Extend one leg forward with heel on ground, toe up. Hinge from the hip and scoop both hands underneath the foot. Hold 1 second. The goal is active hamstring lengthening under mild load — not just a passive hold.
  • Rounding the back to reach — hinge from hip
  • Bending the front knee
  • Bouncing into the stretch — hold and feel it
Straight-leg kicks
Warm-up
1 length
Straight-leg running drill
Run forward continuously — this is a running drill, not a skip or march. Keep both legs straight as you move. With each stride, drive the lead leg forward and up in a straight-leg kick, aiming for hip height or above. The leg swings forward with your running momentum — don't slow down to execute each kick. Reach the opposite arm toward the rising foot. Stay tall, brisk, and fluid the whole length.
Running through the kicks at tempo trains the hamstrings and hip flexors to fire exactly how they need to in sprints and bounds. After 12 mobility drills, this transitions the body from controlled movement into dynamic running — bridging warm-up and the speed work ahead.
Anklers
Warm-up
1 length
Quick stiff-ankle hops
Short, rapid hops moving forward. Minimal knee bend — the power comes from the ankle plantarflexion only. Think of the ankle like a spring that barely loads and snaps back. Fast ground contact, quiet landing.
Ankle stiffness and reactive strength — a key component of sprint speed and jumping. Directly prepares the achilles and calf complex for plyometric work. Watch for excessive knee bend, which defeats the purpose.
Speed block

Sprint mechanics & speed drills

A-skip
Speed
20–30m lengths
Wks 1–4
Skip pattern — one foot, skip, other foot. On the "skip" foot, drive that knee up to hip height with toe dorsiflexed (pulled up). Opposite arm drives forward. Land on the ball of the foot under the hip.
  • Knee not reaching hip height
  • Toe pointing down — cue "show me your sole"
  • Landing in front of body — land under the hip
B-skip
Speed
20m lengths
Wk 1 only
Same as A-skip, but after the knee drive, extend the leg forward then "paw" the ground back underneath the hip — like clawing the ground. This mimics the ground-contact mechanics of sprinting.
"Drive the knee, reach the toe, then paw it back like you're scraping mud off your shoe."
Falling start sprint
Speed
10m distance
Wks 1–4
Stand tall. Lean forward from the ankle (not the waist) until you feel like you're about to fall. At that tipping point, drive one leg forward explosively and sprint 10m. The lean forces proper acceleration mechanics.
  • Bending at the waist instead of the ankle
  • Taking a big stepping lunge instead of a drive
  • Standing straight up too quickly
Flying sprint
Speed
20m at full speed
Wks 3, 5, 6
Jog or stride into the start zone, then hit full speed at the 15m mark. This removes the acceleration phase and isolates max velocity mechanics. Time the 20m "fly zone" only.
These are true max-effort reps. 90 second rest minimum between each. If the athlete doesn't look significantly faster than during a jog, the rest interval is too short.
Plyometrics block

Jumps, bounds & reactive drills

Squat jump
Vertical
3×5 reps
Wk 1 intro
Drop to a squat position (pause — no countermovement), then explode vertically. Land on both feet simultaneously, absorb with hips and knees, STICK for 2 full seconds before the next rep.
Week 1 uses a paused squat jump to isolate concentric power and teach landing mechanics without the elastic energy that makes CMJs harder to control.
Countermovement jump (CMJ)
Vertical
3–4 × 5 reps
Wks 1–6
Stand tall. Quick dip (countermovement) downward — hips back, knees soft. Immediately reverse and explode up, swinging arms overhead. The dip and jump feel like one fluid motion. Land soft, knees bent, balanced.
Cue a faster dip each week. Wk 1 = controlled dip. Wk 3+ = explosive, spring-like. The faster the dip-to-jump transition, the more elastic energy is captured.
Depth drop → jump
Vertical
3–4 × 5 reps
Wks 3 + 5
STEP off the box — do not jump off. As soon as both feet contact the ground, immediately jump as high as possible. Ground contact should be under 0.25 seconds. The goal is to teach the nervous system to store and release elastic energy rapidly.
  • Box height: 6–12 inches max for beginners
  • If athlete pauses on landing — stop, walk through it
  • Never do these fatigued — CNS drill only when fresh
Alternate-leg bound
Bounding
3–4 × 20–25m
Wks 2, 5, 6
Exaggerated running with maximum distance per stride. Drive the lead knee up aggressively while the opposite arm drives forward. Hold the peak (airborne phase) as long as possible. Land on one foot, immediately load and bound off the opposite leg.
  • Covering ground fast instead of covering it far
  • Weak knee drive — cue "knee to your chest"
  • No arm-leg opposition — mirror with arms
Lateral bound
Bounding
3 × 4 each side
Wks 2–4
Push off one foot laterally, driving the opposite knee across the body. Land on the outside foot only and STICK — absorb for 1 second before bounding back. Knee tracks over the second toe on landing.
  • Knee caving inward on landing (valgus collapse)
  • Not sticking — bouncing immediately
  • Toes pointing out instead of forward
Tuck jump
Vertical
3 × 5 reps
Wk 3
Jump vertically and drive both knees toward the chest at the peak. Land soft on the balls of both feet simultaneously, absorb with flexed knees and hips. Do not land stiff-legged.
  • Knees not reaching chest level
  • Stiff-legged landing — joints absorb, not bones
  • Landing on heels
Agility + COD block

Change of direction & agility drills

5-10-5 pro agility
Change of dir
4–5 reps
Wks 1, 3, 5, 6
3 cones in a line, 5 yards apart. Start at middle cone in 3-point stance. Sprint 5 yards right, touch cone. Sprint 10 yards left, touch cone. Sprint 5 yards back to start. Touch every cone — no shadow cuts.
Low hips on cuts. Plant the outside foot hard, drive off it laterally. The cut happens in 1 step — not 2–3 deceleration steps. Week 1 = walk through mechanics. Wk 3+ = timed.
T-drill
Agility
3–4 reps
Wks 2, 4, 6
4 cones in a T-shape: A at start, B 10 yards ahead, C 5 yards left of B, D 5 yards right of B. Sprint to B, shuffle left to C, shuffle all the way right to D, shuffle back to B, backpedal to A. Never cross the feet on the shuffle.
  • Crossing feet on the shuffle
  • Rounding cones instead of sharp turns
  • Upright posture — stay low through the whole drill
Defensive slide
Agility
2–4 lengths
Wks 1–6
Wide stance, hips lower than knees, chest up. Slide one foot out, follow with the trail foot — never let the feet touch together. Head stays level (no bouncing). Arms out, ready position. Push off the lead foot, don't drag.
  • Standing upright — cue "you're guarding someone"
  • Head bobbing up and down
  • Feet coming together in the middle
Mirror drill
Agility
4–5 × 20s
Wks 5, 6
Two athletes face each other in a 5-yard channel. One is the offensive player (moves freely), one is the defender (must mirror). Defender keeps their hips facing the offensive player at all times. React — don't predict.
Tell the defender to watch the offensive player's hips — not the head, feet, or shoulders. The hips don't lie. This builds the same reactive skill used in live defense.
Reference

Week-by-week progression guide

Week Primary focus Plyometric intensity Sprint volume Coach's priority
1 — Intro
Movement quality, landing mechanics Low — paused landings, stick 2 sec Low — falling starts only Every jump must stick. Form over everything.
2 — Base
Volume, introduce bounding Mod-low — CMJs, lateral bounds Moderate — add build-ups Watch knee cave on lateral bounds. Bounding = distance, not speed.
3 — Load
Intensity spike, first depth work Moderate — depth drops intro Mod-high — flying sprints, 30m Walk through depth drops first rep every set. Step off, don't jump off.
4 — Deload
Recovery, reinforce patterns Very low — 40% volume cut Very low — 85% effort max If athlete thinks it's too easy — perfect. Protect the deload.
5 — Power
Max speed, reactive plyos High — depth jumps, reactive tuck High — true max flying sprints Full 90s rest between sprints. Fatigued max sprints = bad mechanics.
6 — Finish
Test, confirm gains, confidence High — max effort test reps High — time the 10m and 40m Measure and celebrate every improvement. Confidence is training too.